Gypsum

Formula:  CaSO4 . 2H2O

Origin of name:  From Greek gypos - plaster

 

Crystal system:  Monoclinic

Crystal class:  2/m

Twinning:  Common on {100}, contact; on {-101}, butterfly or heart-shaped; uncommon on {-111}, elongated

Unit cell: a = 6.29 Ǻ, b = 15.21 Ǻ, c = 5.68 Ǻ, β = 114.1°

 

Colour:  Colourless, white, gray, yellowish, greenish, reddish, brownish

Diaphaneity:

Luster:  Subvitreous, pearly on cleavage

Habit:  Crystals thin to thick tabular, diamond-shaped, short to long prismatic; acicular; massive, granular, concretionary

Hardness:  2

Specific gravity:  3.32

Cleavage:  3; {010} perfect, {100} and {011} distinct

Tenacity:  Splintery; flexible, not elastic

Streak:  White

 

Synonyms/varieties:  Alabaster (massive, fine-grained var.), gips, selenite (colourless, transparent var.), satin spar (columnar, fibrous var.)

 

Comments:  Sometimes fluoresces and phosphoresces greenish white

 

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